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Play Therapy: How Kids Heal Through Play

Writer's picture: Alexa GriffithAlexa Griffith

Ever noticed how kids work through big feelings while playing? A preschooler lines up their stuffed animals for a “check-up” after a scary doctor visit. A 7-year-old repeatedly builds (and knocks down) a LEGO house after their parents separate. A quiet child, who barely speaks in therapy, suddenly brings a doll to life, telling a story that’s suspiciously similar to their own.

This is why play therapy exists.

For kids, play is more than just fun—it’s how they communicate, problem-solve, and process their world. Play therapy is real therapy, designed specifically for children (usually ages 3-11) who are struggling with big emotions, tough situations, or challenging behaviors. It’s a safe space where they can work things out on their own terms, using toys instead of words.

What Happens in Play Therapy?

Play therapy happens in a room full of carefully chosen toys, art supplies, and activities meant to help kids express themselves. There aren’t a lot of strict rules—because kids need freedom to explore, create, and figure things out.

The therapist, trained in child development and trauma, watches closely:

  • What toys does the child choose? The abandoned stuffed animal? The superhero fighting off bad guys? The doll family that keeps moving houses?

  • How do they play? Are they aggressive, quiet, repetitive? Do they invite the therapist into the play or keep their distance?

  • What story is their play telling? Sometimes, it’s loud and obvious. Other times, it’s hidden in tiny details.

Through this process, children build trust with the therapist, which is a key ingredient for healing. Over time, they start learning new ways to manage emotions, handle relationships, and feel more in control of their world.

When Is Play Therapy Used?

People sometimes assume that because play therapy looks fun, it’s “just play.” But research shows that play therapy is an effective treatment for a wide range of struggles, including:

  • Major life changes (divorce, moving, loss of a loved one)

  • Big emotions (persistent sadness, anxiety, anger)

  • Behavioral challenges (aggression, withdrawal, school issues)

  • Medical trauma (chronic illness, surgeries, hospital stays)

  • Experiences of harm (bullying, abuse, neglect, or scary events like war)

Play therapy can also help children who don’t have the words—or don’t yet feel safe enough—to talk about what’s going on inside.

Adults use many of these same techniques in their own therapy. Role-playing, storytelling, art, and movement can be powerful tools at any age.

What to Expect

Parents or caregivers play a huge role in their child’s healing process. Play therapy usually starts with an interview with caregivers to understand the child’s history, struggles, and strengths.

Next, the therapist meets with the child, observing their play and interactions. This first session sets the stage for what the therapy process will look like. Some therapists may invite caregivers into sessions, while others do separate check-ins to discuss progress.

Most kids attend play therapy once a week for about 30-45 minutes per session. A typical treatment plan lasts around 20 sessions, but every child is different. Some need less time; others need more.

How Play Therapy Helps

Play therapy is powerful because it gives children control over their healing. Unlike traditional talk therapy, where adults are expected to answer direct questions, play therapy lets kids express themselves in their own way, at their own pace.

Here’s what play therapy can do:


Helps kids feel safe enough to express emotions (even the messy ones!)

Teaches new ways to handle stress and big feelings

Builds confidence and problem-solving skills

Strengthens social skills and relationships

Supports healing from trauma, loss, or change


Therapists might take a non-directive approach (letting the child lead the play) or a directive one (introducing specific activities to guide healing). Both approaches have benefits, and a skilled play therapist knows when to use each.



Choosing the Right Play Therapist

A trained play therapist is a licensed mental health professional with specialized experience in working with kids. They understand child development, trauma, and the deep work that happens through play.

When looking for a play therapist, ask:

  • Do you have experience working with children who’ve faced similar challenges?

  • Are you a Registered Play Therapist?

  • How do you involve caregivers in the process?

  • How do you measure progress?

  • How long does play therapy typically last?

And most importantly—does your child feel safe with this therapist? That connection is where the magic happens.

Final Thoughts

Play therapy isn’t about “fixing” a child. It’s about creating a safe space where they can feel seen, heard, and understood—so they can heal in the way their brain and body needs.

Kids don’t always have the words to say, “I’m scared,” “I feel alone,” or “I don’t understand what’s happening.” But through play, they show us.

And when we listen, healing begins.



*Alexa Griffith, LMHC, LCAC, NCC, RPT is a Licensed Mental Health Therapist. Alexa enjoys providing trauma-informed individual counseling and family counseling. She also provides play therapy for children, as well as teen and adolescent counseling via telehealth or in office. Alexa's practice serves the Indianapolis area, including Carmel, Fishers, Noblesville, Zionsville, and Westfield. Learn more at AlexaGTherapy.com



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© 2025 by Alexa Griffith, LMHC, NCC, RPT 

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